Which query type has a governor limit of 50,000 records for Apex transactions?

The correct choice is SOQL, which stands for Salesforce Object Query Language. This query language is specifically designed for querying Salesforce data. In Apex transactions, SOQL is subject to governor limits, which are mechanisms Salesforce uses to ensure the platform remains stable and performant. For SOQL queries, there is a limit on the number of records that can be returned in a single transaction, set at 50,000 records.

This limit is essential for maintaining performance and ensuring that queries do not exhaust system resources. While performing operations such as data retrieval, it is crucial to be aware of these limits to avoid running into errors in your Apex code.

SOSL, which stands for Salesforce Object Search Language, is used for searching across multiple objects and can return a maximum of 2,000 records, which is significantly lower than the limit for SOQL. Therefore, while both languages have their use cases, it is SOQL that has the 50,000 record governor limit for Apex transactions.